The titles may refer to him being "zealous", or to his membership of one of the Jewish revolutionary movements known as Zealots. At the onset of the war, John of Gischala, Eleazar's future ally, disobeyed Josephus' orders not to attack a Roman granary, thus sparking a bitter hatred between the two leaders. This Apostle is said to have suffered martyrdom in Armenia, which was then subject to Persia. Both . 10 - Simon the Zealot - bishop of Jerusalem after James; died of old age. Join in praying the St. Simon Novena. The following Simons and Simeons are found in the New Testament: Simon Peter, better known as Saint Peter, also known as Peter the Apostle, Cephas, and Simon bar Jonah ( Simon son of Jonah), foremost disciple of Jesus (Matthew 4:18ff). Thanks for stopping by! Cambridge University Press, 1999. PETA, Greenpeace, and NOW might all be considered organizations that are filled with zealots. It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by . The New Testament calls him Simon the Canaanite and 2 other places call him Simon. Peter was a Jewish fisherman in Bethsaida (John 1:44). org/fathers/0524.htm>. The Bible lists the names of the twelve disciples in Matthew 10:24, Mark 3:1619 and Luke 6:1316. Acts 1:20-26 reveals how this was done, and some scholars say it may have fulfilled a prophecy in Psalm 69:25 and Psalm 109:8. They assumed he was from Canaa town within Galileeor possibly Canaan, an ancient region in the near east which was frequently mentioned in the Bible. Because of this, we have no reason to disbelieve these accounts as the vast majority of them agree on the method of the apostles deaths. Just as Ananus' forces had surrounded him, in 69 CE. Saint Simon the Apostle, also called Simon the Zealot (flourished 1st century addied , Persia or Edessa, Greece? Simon the Zealot (Q12871) apostle of Jesus Simon the Apostle Simon Zelotes Saint Simon edit Statements instance of human biblical figure 0 references part of Twelve Apostles 0 references Simon and Jude 0 references image Simon (Caravaggio).jpg 508 650; 52 KB 1 reference Marienmnster Dieen Josephsaltar Simon Apostel.jpg 1,355 2,332; 1.23 MB Repent today, confess your sins, see your need for a Savior and put your trust in Jesus Christ and you too will be part of that which is being built today by God and which has as its foundation, the saints of God, the apostles and the Chief Cornerstone, Jesus Christ. The apocryphal Acts of Thomas says this apostle was martyred in Mylapore, India, where he was stabbed with spears. "Titus' Siege of Jerusalem". [1] The fact that he was in Greece may mean that he was participating in the Great Commission and taking the gospel to the whole worldat least the known world. The word apostle means one sent and so we can see that disciples and apostles are not the same thing. Your email address will not be published. Tradition sends him to Syria with Andrew and to death by burning. Rhoades concludes that the term zealot is ambiguous enough for there to be more than one valid interpretation: Some scholars assume that citations to zeal and zealots in the 1st century, such as the NT references to Simon the zealot, refer to a Jewish sect of Zealots dedicated to revolution against Rome. Apparently, he became a missionary to Asia Minor. This post is also available in: Regardless of whether the prophecy was about Matthias, he was apparently stoned and then beheaded late in the 1st century. during the Roman-Judean War that one of the revolutionary factions came to identify itself formally as the Zealots. Provoked by Roman oppression and inflamed by his own political ambitions, Eleazar ben Simon dedicated his life to the Zealot cause to establish an independent Judea. We know almost nothing about Simon the Zealot. May it not be held against them. When the Jews refused, he threatened to destroy the temple but his sudden timely demise saved Jerusalem from a premature siege. Ancient writers tell us that he preached the Gospel in Judea, Samaria, Idumaea, Syria, Mesopotamia, and Lybia. Amen.. Outnumbered and isolated by Ananus' troops surrounding the Temple, Eleazar control of the Temple was seriously threatened from the winter of 67 to the spring of 68. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the corner stone, no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ, Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were young, you used to dress yourself and walk wherever you wanted, but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and another will dress you and carry you where you do not want to go., How the Apostle Bartholomew or Nathaniel Died, How the Apostle James (son of Zebedee) Died, Then Peter, turning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following, who also had leaned on His breast at the supper, and said, Lord, who is the one who betrays You?, Peter, seeing him, said to Jesus, But Lord, what about this man? Jesus said to him, If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you? Nearly every image of him depicts him wearing a medallion with a profile of Jesus. However, the New Testament records the death of only two of the apostles Judas Iscariot and James the son of Zebedee. By 69 CE, with the support of most Idumeans, Simon captured Jerusalem and reduced Eleazar and John to a powerless state confinement in the Temple and inner court. He is also known as, "James the Younger" ( Mark 15:40 ). According to Eusebius, he returned to Jerusalem in the year 62 and assisted at the election of his brother, St. Simeon, as Bishop of Jerusalem. James was far from any reliable historical writers or church historians but it is thought that he was beheaded by King Herod near Palestine and not far from where he was a local missionary to the Jews in Judea. According to The Golden Legend, when Simon and Jude commanded demons to come out of idols, the religious leaders killed them: And when the bishops saw this, they ran upon the apostles and hewed them to death anon. Simon was a member of the militant political movement called the Zealots. It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by Jesus. Appointed consul at Rome in 143, he was the first Greek to hold the rank of consul ordinarius, as opposed to consul suffectus. Who were Jesus' twelve (12) disciples / apostles? Simon the Zealot was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. We have one tantalizing bit of information about him, which has led to ongoing debates among Bible scholars. People are attracted to people who get on fire for a cause. How agonizing that must have been. Foxes Book of Martyrs claims that in India, He was at length cruelly beaten and then crucified by the impatient idolaters.. I'm grateful that Simon the Zealot, for one, was welcomed in. This Simon was also named "the Canaanite" ( Matthew 10:4 Mark 3:18 the King James Version) or "the Cananean" ( Matthew 10:4 Mark 3:18 the Revised Version (British and American)) or "Zelotes" ( Luke . How did the Apostles die? In 66 CE, the Zealots instigated the First JewishRoman War when the high priest Eleazar b. Ananius refused to give sacrifice to the Roman Emperor and slaughtered Florus' Roman garrison in Jerusalem. It seems like that would be . The Lord will rescue me from every evil attack and will bring me safely to his heavenly kingdom. [citation needed], Yet only until later that year did Eleazar and John seize control of the entire city. However, in 68 CE, John of Gischala, the hero who escaped Roman conquest in Galilee, joined forces with Eleazar ben Simon at Jerusalem and undermined the moderates' power. Simon the Zealot is also referred to in the gospels as Simon the Canaanite or Simon the Cananaean. As a result of this despotic leadership and their insufficient representation in the government, many Idumeans defected to a violent extremist group outside the city walls known as the Sicarii, led by Simon b. Gioras. Anyone associated with a known Zealot would fall under the suspicion of Roman authorities. King Herod wanted to please the Jews by killing him (Acts 12:3). In any case, the gospel writers used this description to distinguishthisSimon from Simon Peterand the other Simons in the New Testament. He is mentioned in the Gospels according to Matthew (Matthew|26:613) and Mark. He blames the defeat of Jewish War on "unrepresentative and over-zealous fanatics" including Eleazar. Since an "Eleazar, son of Simon" and an "Eleasar, son of Ya'ir" are introduced separately with their patrimonial name, Josephus intends to distinguish the two leaders as separate persons. If you like what you're reading, you can get free daily updates through the RSS feed here. CONCLUSION: Simon was a freedom fighter - a zealot! Few pseudepigraphical writings were . Nothing else is known about him. Eleazar took the legion's equipment and movable wealth, returning to Jerusalem with substantial loot. Finally, two of Jesus' disciples were named Simon: Simon Peter and Simon the Zealot. MacMahon. Even his moniker, the Zealot is ambiguous enough that we cant be sure what it meansthough there are several strong possibilities. Or he may have simply been zealous for the Mosaic Law. He was around 76 years old. Zeal is behavior motivated by the jealous desire to protect ones self, group, space, or time against violations. The Bible reveals nothing significant about this apostle. Tagged as: Judas is often identified as a Zealot, an attribute held by only one other disciple, Simon the Zealot. In Foxes Book of Martyrs, it is recorded about Matthew: The scene of his labors was Parthia, and Ethiopia, in which latter country he suffered martyrdom, being slain with a halberd in the city of Nadabah, A.D. 60., Hippolytus, a theologian who lived in the second and third centuries, recorded about James death: And James the son of Alphaeus, when preaching in Jerusalem was stoned to death by the Jews, and was buried there beside the temple.. How did Jesus meet Simon Peter? By association with John, Eleazar inherited much of Josephus' hatred of his political partner and became a victim of harsh and bitter desecration in Bellum Judaicum. One tradition records that he was stoned by cannibals in Aethiopia (Georgia). Saint Simon the Apostle, also called Simon the Zealot, (flourished 1st century ad died, Persia or Edessa, Greece? He was named Simon, son of Jonah or John. Professor David Rhoades elaborates inThe Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary: Judas and his followers opposed Jews who cooperated with the census, for they considered cooperation with Caesar to be an idolatrous transgression of the First Commandment to have no other lords before me. Judas small and unsuccessful revolt was carried out in the belief that if the Jews were faithful to the covenant, God would honor their cause by bringing victory in the struggle against Rome. While even a stable independent Jewish state would probably not withstand the Roman forces, it could have lessened the devastation and provided a viable paradigm for the future revolts. Contrary to the radical anti-Roman agenda of the Zealots, Ananus and the other moderate leaders of Jerusalem wished to stabilize the conflict and reach equilibrium with Rome. He was married, had three children, and lived at Bethsaida, near Capernaum. Luke replaces the name Thaddeus with Judas son of James (Luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13). Even so, I thought he should be mentioned. Either "Zealot" is about the apostle's passionate faith, or his membership in a New Testament group called the "Zealots," or both. Since 63 BCE, Roman garrisons stationed throughout Israel had exploited Jews with punitive taxation, exceeding the quota set by the Roman Empire and keeping the surplus revenues for themselves . Little is known about the post-Pentecost life of St. Simon, who had been called a Zealot. Although the Jewish defeat at Jerusalem cannot be entirely attributed to Eleazar ben Simon, his inability to establish unity with John of Gischala and Simon bar Giora resulted in a bitter civil war that weakened the Jewish resistance against Rome. Following the defeat of Eleazar's Zealots and subsequent destruction of the Temple, the lack of centralized worship created a spiritual vacuum within the Jewish community that was filled with the spread of synagogue as the center of Jewish life. Other leading causes of death, including heart disease (#1), respiratory diseases (#6), and diabetes (#8), sweep a wider sickle through America because we sit everywhere we go, instead of using our legs. The Bible says that he betrayed Jesus and then being consumed with worldly guilt went out to hang himself (Matthew 27:3-8). Although not vindicated from misguided leadership, Eleazar (and for that matter most of the Zealots) are no longer seen as violent tyrants who destroyed the city before the Romans got to Jerusalem. Eleazar ben Simon (Hebrew: ) was a Zealot leader during the First Jewish-Roman War who fought against the armies of Cestius Gallus, Vespasian, and Titus Flavius. Yet further investigation into his life and political associations reveals that Josephus himself was one of the traditional aristocratic leaders who controlled Judea and Galilee prior to the Zealot insurrection. pp. In the thirteenth century, Jacobus de Varagine compiled numerous biographies of the saints intoThe Golden Legend, where centuries after Jerome, the error was repeated: Simon is as much to say as obedient, or being in heaviness. Inspired by Eleazar and the Zealots' victory, rebellions arose in Galilee, only to be crushed in 67 by Roman forces. The word translated "Canaanite" is of Hebrew origin and means "zealot". 30 synonyms for Zealot: fanatic, enthusiast, extremist, militant, maniac, fiend, bigot, devotee . Profile. His death sentence was meted out by the Roman Emperor Catus Decianus during his execution in May 61 AD at Caistor, modern-day Lincolnshire . Eleazar found himself in a similar situation of helplessness. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Researchers believe this is a form of the title sicarii, meaning "dagger-men," a group of ultra-Zealots who carried a knife with them at all times to be prepared to assassinate . God loves each of us as if there were only one of us"- Augustine. Yet Jesus did not say to him that he would not die, but, If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you?. St. Jude Thaddeus is invoked in desperate situations because his New Testament letter stresses that the faithful should persevere in the environment of harsh, difficult circumstances, just as their forefathers had done before them. For example, some of the Zealots under Eleazar burned large stockpiles of food that would have lasted the Jews several years in order to "remove the security blanket" and force everyone to fight (Goodman 195). He was a Zealot for much of his life, which meant he was extremely legalistic and held a deep-set hatred towards the Romans and any who had dealings with them. 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